The VMWare knowledge base article for vCenter versions is your resource for checking whether your version is current. Patch data can be retrieved with the ESXCLI cmdlets, which emulate the results you would receive if were to run commands in the command line interface CLI at the host's console.
We frequently take two measurements related to patching: the "patch age" of a system is the number of days since the last patch was installed, and "patch velocity" measures the number of patches installed per date. Patch velocity can be obtained with a query like this:. This host has only been patched twice, In November , 82 packages were installed, probably when the host was deployed. Then in December of maybe when the administrators heard an auditor was coming!
If the enterprise's policies call for regular patching, this host is probably out of compliance. To calculate patch age, we will get the InstallDate of the most recently install patch and measure the number of days between then and now.
We can use a TimeSpan PowerShell object to see how many days it has been since the host was last patched. To check this, you'll need to look at two things:. Notice that both hosts have the NTP service disabled and not running! It really doesn't matter what NTP server the hosts are set to use, but let's check the settings anyway. The NTP server setting can be queried using a cmdlet built for the task. I usually combine the service configuration and server settings into a single big query.
I'm using PowerShell's "calculated properties" here to organize the results:. When there is not a cmdlet to directly query a setting, you can often find what you need in the ExtensionData property returned by the Get-VMHost cmdlet. Here's a quick example of querying the DNS server settings for my lab servers.
I'd be remiss if I didn't mention a couple of other tools which have been helpful in auditing and analyzing VMWare. The first is Robware RVTools. It's Windows. NET application with a heavily tabbed interface. Simply point it at your vCenter server, login, and view all sorts of inventory information from your infrastructure.
One of my favorite features of RVTools is the vHealth tab, which can show you common compliance issues without having to run any queries. The other feature I love is the ability to export the data from RVTools to a tabbed Excel spreadsheet:.
This ever-growing set of tools can be run against several different infrastructure technologies, including VMWare. After installing the modules, you can build a nice HTML or Word document which details your infrastructure. To support pipelining, the receiving cmdlet must have a parameter that accepts pipeline input. Use the Get-Help command with the Full or Parameter options to determine which parameters of a cmdlet accept pipeline input.
For example, to determine which of the parameters of the Start-Service cmdlet accepts pipeline input, type:. The help for the Start-Service cmdlet shows that only the InputObject and Name parameters accept pipeline input. When you send objects through the pipeline to Start-Service , PowerShell attempts to associate the objects with the InputObject and Name parameters. ByValue : The parameter accepts values that match the expected. NET type or that can be converted to that type.
For example, the Name parameter of Start-Service accepts pipeline input by value. It can accept string objects or objects that can be converted to strings. ByPropertyName : The parameter accepts input only when the input object has a property of the same name as the parameter. For example, the Name parameter of Start-Service can accept objects that have a Name property. To list the properties of an object, pipe it to Get-Member.
Some parameters can accept objects by both value or property name, making it easier to take input from the pipeline. When you pipe objects from one command to another command, PowerShell attempts to associate the piped objects with a parameter of the receiving cmdlet. PowerShell's parameter binding component associates the input objects with cmdlet parameters according to the following criteria:.
For example, the Start-Service cmdlet has many parameters, but only two of them, Name and InputObject accept pipeline input. The Name parameter takes strings and the InputObject parameter takes service objects.
Therefore, you can pipe strings, service objects, and objects with properties that can be converted to string or service objects. PowerShell manages parameter binding as efficiently as possible. You can't suggest or force the PowerShell to bind to a specific parameter. The command fails if PowerShell can't bind the piped objects. For more information about troubleshooting binding errors, see Investigating Pipeline Errors later in this article. Piping objects to a command is much like using a parameter of the command to submit the objects.
Let's look at a pipeline example. In this example, we use a pipeline to display a table of service objects. Functionally, this is like using the InputObject parameter of Format-Table to submit the object collection.
For example, we can save the collection of services to a variable that is passed using the InputObject parameter. However, there's an important difference. When you pipe multiple objects to a command, PowerShell sends the objects to the command one at a time.
When you use a command parameter, the objects are sent as a single array object. This minor difference has significant consequences. When executing a pipeline, PowerShell automatically enumerates any type that implements the IEnumerable interface and sends the members through the pipeline one at a time.
The exception is [hashtable] , which requires a call to the GetEnumerator method. In the following examples, an array and a hashtable are piped to the Measure-Object cmdlet to count the number of objects received from the pipeline. The array has multiple members, and the hashtable has multiple key-value pairs. Only the array is enumerated one at a time. Similarly, if you pipe multiple process objects from the Get-Process cmdlet to the Get-Member cmdlet, PowerShell sends each process object, one at a time, to Get-Member.
Get-Member displays the. Step 1 - Download and Install. Step 4 - Create the following directory if it does not exists by running the following command:. Step 5 - Extract the PowerCLI modules into the directory you created above by running the following command:. Step 3 - From your download machine, copy the PowerCLI Modules from the downloaded fling zip file to the Photon machine, for example use scp as below:.
Step 5 - Extract the PowerCLI modules into the directory you copied them into above by running the following command:. Step 3 - Create the following directory if it does not exist by running the following command:. Step 4 - From your download machine, copy the PowerCLI Modules from the downloaded fling zip file to the Photon machine under your users folders replace "username" with your username , for example use scp as below:.
Step 5 - From the Ubunutu server extract the PowerCLI modules into the directory you created above by running the following command:.
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